Formula
How density is calculated
Density formulaρ = m ÷ V
Density measures the amount of mass contained in a given volume. The symbol ρ represents density, m represents mass, and V represents volume.
Worked example
Density calculation example
A sample has a mass of 100 grams and occupies a volume of 20 cubic centimeters.
- Write the formula: density = mass ÷ volume
- Substitute the values: 100 ÷ 20
- Calculate the result: 5
- Report the density as 5 g/cm³
Unit guidance
Use a consistent measurement system
Density units depend on the mass and volume units used. Common laboratory combinations include g/cm³, g/mL, and kg/m³.
This calculator displays a selected unit system but does not automatically convert measurements entered in mixed units.
Laboratory guidance
Common density mistakes
- Dividing volume by mass instead of mass by volume.
- Mixing incompatible mass and volume units.
- Using a measured container volume instead of sample volume.
- Ignoring significant figures in the final result.
- Rounding intermediate values too early.
Model assumptions
Calculator assumptions and limitations
- The calculation assumes consistent mass and volume units.
- The sample is treated as having uniform density throughout.
- Measured values should come from calibrated laboratory equipment.
- Experimental temperature effects on density are not included.
- Results are only as accurate as the values entered.
Questions and answers
Density FAQ
What is the formula for density?
Density is calculated by dividing mass by volume. The formula is density equals mass divided by volume.
Can this calculator solve for mass or volume?
Yes. Select density, mass, or volume as the missing variable and enter the other two known values.
Can grams and milliliters be used together?
Yes, especially for liquids. When mass is entered in grams and volume in milliliters, density is reported in grams per milliliter.